• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Set of parts for fitting a wind turbine (100) according to a site-dependent restriction, which set of parts comprises several modules (10, 10a, 10b, 10c, 20, 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, 20e, 20f, 20g, 20h, 30, 40, 50) for assembly of a modular rotor vane (1, 140), wherein the multiple modules (10, 10a, 10b, 10c, 20, 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, 20e, 20f, 20g, 20h, 30 , 40, 50) comprises at least two differently shaped, interchangeable, root-type modules (10, 10a, 10b, 10c, 40) and at least two differently-shaped, interchangeable, tip-type modules (20, 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, 20e, 20f, 20g) , 20h, 50), wherein one end (42, 52) of each module (40, 50) in the set of parts comprises a connector (44, 54) adapted to connect the module to at least one module of another type, wherein the connector is a female connector (44) or a male connector (54).
    公开号:DK201600056U1
    申请号:DK201600056U
    申请日:2016-05-09
    公开日:2016-05-27
    发明作者:Jacob Johannes Nies
    申请人:Gen Electric；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    KIT OF PARTS FOR ADAPTING A WINDMILL AFTER A LOCATION RESTRICTED
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    The present utility model relates to a set of parts for adapting a wind turbine to a site-dependent restriction.
    In recent years, wind energy systems have become increasingly important as an energy source. Accordingly, wind turbine manufacturers produce more powerful wind turbines that grow in size, so that rotor blades of wind turbines can easily reach a length of 60 m. Wind turbines are classified into different type classes or wind classes used for technical certification. The wind or type classes are sorted according to different extreme wind speeds and the longer-term annual average wind speeds. There are four different types of classes. Therefore, wind turbines are designed for one specific wind or type class out of the four available classes. Accordingly, manufacturers supply only a limited set of blades for each type class of a wind turbine, with the blades adapted to the different average wind speeds or other situations with the specific wind class. The places where a wind turbine is set up generally do not quite correspond to a typical wind situation with the on-site wind class. Thus, the wind turbines are almost never used under the conditions for which they are designed.
    In addition to what is mentioned above, operators of a wind farm will often choose a specific wind class or type class where the wind turbine must have a service life of 20 years. Since the wind classes cover a large range of wind speeds, a wind turbine for a specific wind class must be able to operate even at the highest possible wind speeds, ie. the upper end of the range within this class. However, for the majority of locations, wind speeds will not reach the upper end of the range of a specific wind class. Therefore, a wind turbine designed for this wind class does not use its full capacity. Even in a wind farm, there may be different restrictions for individual wind turbines. For example, some wind turbines may be allowed to induce more noise than others due to administrative regulations, some wind turbines may be on mountain ridges, some may be positioned less purposefully, and therefore run at less loads than they are designed for.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    For the purposes of the foregoing, a set of parts is provided for adapting a wind turbine to a site-dependent restriction, comprising a plurality of modules for assembly of a modular rotor vane, the plurality of modules comprising at least two differently shaped, interchangeable root-type blades. modules and at least two differently designed, interchangeable tip type modules, where one end of each module in the set comprises a connector adapted to connect the module to at least one other type module, the connector being a female connector or a male connector.
    Further aspects, advantages and features of the present utility model are set forth in the dependent claims, description and accompanying drawings.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    A complete and supportive account of the present invention, including its best embodiment, has been given with respect to one skilled in the art, especially in the remainder of the specification, including reference to the accompanying figures, in which: 1 is a schematic drawing of a wind turbine; FIG. 2 is a schematic drawing of a rotor blade according to a first embodiment; FIG. 3 shows a set of tip modules; FIG. 4 shows a further set of tip modules; FIG. 5 shows a set of root modules; FIG. 6 shows a cross section through a rotor blade module; FIG. 7 is a schematic drawing of a rotor blade according to a further embodiment; FIG. 8 shows a connector of two different modules; FIG. 9 shows a section of a connector of a module; FIG. 10 shows a further section of a connector of a module; FIG. 11 shows a further section of a connector of a module; and FIG. 12 shows a flow chart of a method.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    Reference is now made in detail to the various embodiments of the invention, one or more examples of which are illustrated in the figures, the above examples being provided for the purpose of explaining the invention and not implying a limitation of the invention. Features shown or described as part of an embodiment may e.g. is used on or in conjunction with other embodiments to provide yet another embodiment. It is intended that the present invention encompasses such changes and variations.
    In this context, it is pointed out that the term "in operation" in the present utility model refers to the phase in which the wind turbine is operational, ie. after the construction of the wind turbine is complete. In addition, the terms "proximal" and "distal" of a module are defined relative to the hub if the modules are mounted.
    External site restrictions (site restrictions) associated with the current utility model are restrictions imposed by the location of the wind turbine. There may be special wind speed conditions at the location of the wind turbine, or restrictions such as noise restrictions.
    In FIG. 1, an illustrative drawing of a wind turbine 100 is shown. The wind turbine comprises a tower 110. A nacelle 120 is mounted at the top of the tower, where a generator and / or a gearbox is arranged. The nacelle is adapted to rotate about a vertical axis. The generator is directly connected to a hub 130 or is connected to it via the gearbox. At least one rotor vane 140 is associated with hub 130. Hub 130 and rotor vane (rotor vanes) 140 form a rotor adapted to rotate about a horizontal axis. The rotor's wings capture kinetic wind energy and drive the rotor. The rotation of the rotor is converted by the generator into electric current. Finally, the electrical current can be routed into a grid or a supply grid.
    The performance of a wind turbine depends, among other criteria, on the geometric shape of the rotor blades. Therefore, it will be optimal that the blade shape be adapted to the specific constraints of a wind turbine site. FIG. 2 shows a schematic drawing of a wing 1 according to a first embodiment. The rotor blade 1 can be used in connection with the wind turbine 100 in FIG. 1 as blade 140. The rotor blade 1 consists of a root module 10 and a tip module 20. The root module has a proximal end 12 and a distal end 14, the proximal end 12 being adapted to be connected to the hub 130 by the wind turbine 100. For this purpose, the proximal end 12 of the root module comprises a connecting flange. Proximal and distal are determined relative to the hub 130 to which the rotor blade 1 can be mounted. The tip module has a proximal end 22 and a distal end 24. The proximal end 22 of the tip module 20 is adapted to be connected to the distal end 14 of the root module 10 so that the rotor vane 1 is formed by the root module 10 and the tip module 20.
    Three different tip modules 20a, 20b, 20c of the same type are shown in FIG. 3. An auxiliary module may also be selected from several modules of the same type, just as a set of auxiliary modules in one embodiment may also contain two different auxiliary modules or four, five or more different auxiliary modules. Each tip module 20a, 20b, 20c has a proximal end 22a, 22b, 22c and a distal end 24a, 24b, 24c. In addition, each tip module 20a, 20b, 20c may have a different length 1a, 1b, 1c relative to other tip modules of the same set of tip modules as shown in FIG. 3. The proximal ends 22a, 22b, 22c of the three tip modules 20a, 20b, 20c are identical in that they comprise a connector for connecting the tip modules 20a, 20b, 20c to other wing modules. For example, the proximal ends 22a, 22b, 22c may comprise an identical male or female connector for connecting the tip modules to a root module 10. Thus, the modules 20a, 20b, 20c of the tip module type may be interchangeable. The smooth transition from a root module to a tip module may be designed in such a way that no specific turbulence is induced due to the formation of a blade of two modules, namely a tip module and a root module, compared to a traditional wing, consisting of only one module. The use of a modular rotor blade 1 with a tip module and a root module can be used to fine-tune a rotor according to the wind conditions present at the site (site) where the wind turbine is operating. A diameter of the rotor and / or aerodynamic profile can be adapted to the site (site).
    The aerodynamic characteristics of the distal wing part typically contribute more to the overall rotor performance than the proximal wing parts near the hub. Accordingly, it would be advisable to choose a tip shape with care. Therefore, the chord length distribution in the outer section should remain as close as possible to the theoretical optimal shape. In addition, the shape of the wing tip influences the development of vertebrae and thus the applied aerodynamic resistance. Therefore, the performance of the wind turbine can be improved by optimizing the tip shape. In addition, the tip shape influences the wind turbine rotor's aerodynamic noise emission. Thus, the tip modules 22d, 22e, 22f, 22g, 22h in the set of tip modules may have a different tip shape as shown in Figure 4 from above. For example, the tip module 22d has a standard tip shape, the tip module 22e has a straight trailing edge, the tip module 22f has a shark tip, and the tip module 22g has a carnal tip shape. In some cases, a tip module 22h may have a top wing. In terms of their shape, the tip modules can vary in the longitudinal direction, ie. in their length from the tip end to the connector, which will be attached to the adjacent module.
    Figure 5 shows modules 10a, 10b, 10c of a root module type. Hivert root module 10a, 10b, 10c has a proximal end 12a, 12b, 12c and a distal end 14a. 14b, 14c. The root modules may have a different length then, db, dc and / or a different shape. The proximal end of the root modules 10a, 10b, 10c has a flange which is adapted to mount the proximal end 12a, 12b, 12c of the root modules 10a, 10b, 10c to the hub of the wind turbine. The proximal end of the root module may be standardized to fit the hub of the wind turbine. This is especially necessary if different modules of the root module type are used. The distal ends 22a, 22b, 22c of the root modules comprise a male or female connector which is identical for each root module 10a, 10b, 10c to provide interchangeable root modules. Furthermore, the distal ends 22a, 22b, 22c of the modules are of the same type; eg. the root module type, adapted to the proximal end 22 of a tip module. Thus, the root module type modules can be interchangeable / interchangeable.
    In a further embodiment, the airfoil of the tip modules and / or root modules can be changed. The performance of fast rotating wind turbine rotors is largely determined by the aerodynamic characteristics of the airfoils or aerodynamic profiles used. For example, a cross section of a rotor vane in FIG. 6, which cross section can be applied to both the root modules and the tip modules. According to the NACA airfoil series characteristic of the rotor blade characteristics, the following typical parameters are used: a cord length c; maximum slope ('' camber ') f or slope ratio (f / c) as a percentage of maximum centerline curvature; position of maximum slope xf; maximum airfoil thickness d, as the largest diameter of the inscribed circles with their centers on the slope mean line or thickness-chord ratio (d / c) in percent; position of maximum thickness Xd! nose radius rN; airfoil coordinates z0 (x) and zu (x) of the upper and lower side contours, the contour coordinates are listed as tables in airfoil catalogs. For a variation of the wing profile or airfoil, each of the aforementioned parameters can be changed, e.g. the chord length, thickness, thickness-chord ratio, etc. to adapt the airfoil to specific site conditions (site conditions).
    In a further embodiment, a set of parts with different root modules 10a, 10b, 10c and various tip modules 20a, 20b, 20c are provided. The modules are designed in such a way that they can be used interchangeably with one another. In other words, each root module 10a, 10b, 10c can be combined with each tip module 20a, 20b, 20c. Therefore, nine different wings can be formed from the set. The set of parts may comprise only two different modules of the same type or three or more modules, e.g. four or five modules of the same type.
    In a further embodiment, the tip module 20 may be connected to the root module 10 via at least one intermediate module 30 as shown in FIG. 8. The intermediate module 30 may also be selected from a set of different intermediate modules, wherein the different intermediate modules 30 have a different longitudinal direction, different shape and / or different airfoil design as already mentioned with respect to the tip modules or the root modules. A proximal or distal end 32, 34 of the intermediate module may further comprise male or female connectors. Each intermediate module of a set of intermediate modules has connectors at its proximal end and distal end 32, 34, so that each intermediate module of a set of intermediate modules can be replaced by another different intermediate module. Thus, a module type may be a root module type, a peak module type, or an intermediate module type.
    The rotor vane 1, 140 of the present utility model is thus a set-of-parts construction which ensures assembly flexibility and manufacturing efficiency. The modules are designed for convenient handling and / or according to transport restrictions. The final assembly of the wine modules is typically done at the wind turbine site. Connections between the different modules of the rotor blade are therefore established or standardized. In addition, a wind turbine using a multi-module rotor vane 1, 140 can be easily upgraded or improved if new technology becomes available, e.g. a new tip construction for noise reduction. In addition, the rotor blade can be extended. Furthermore, the modules can be coupled or replaced, if required, to accommodate specific design loads. Finally, the use of a multi-module rotor vane can be easily reconfigured so that components such as the modules can be moved between locations to perform the same or a similar function.
    A better fit of a rotor diameter to the specific site constraints can result in better utilization of wind energy. As a result, the efficiency of a wind turbine can be increased. The module selected may be the tip module or the root module. In a specific embodiment, both the tip module and the root module can be selected from a set of respectively. tip or root modules. In all embodiments, a proximal end of a tip module may fit a distal end of a root module to ensure a fixed connection with one another, where the root module and the tip module are fixedly fixed relative to each other when the wind turbine is operating. The different apex modules of a set of apex modules have a different design in relation to each other. The different design can not only relate to a different length, but can also relate to different constructions, such as e.g. reduces noise generation during the rotation of the wind turbine rotor.
    In an alternative embodiment, the set may comprise sets of root sections of different length and wing tips of the same lengths, or root sections and tip sections of different length, so that the number of possible variants to form a wing is drastically increased. Root sections may e.g. have a length of 40 m and 44 m, and apex sections can have a length of 20 m and 22 m. Thus, four different wing lengths can be designed with a combination of two root sections and two apex sections, namely: 60 m, 62 m, 64 m or 66 m. In addition, wing extensions of different hubs can be used and combined with the root section and the tip section. In a further embodiment, the root module represents approx. a half to 3/4, especially 2/3, of a total length of the wing, and / or the tip module represents approx. a quarter to a half, especially one-third of the total length of the wing. The total length of the wing is the distance between the proximal end of the root module and the distal end of the tip module.
    Figure 8 is a perspective view of a connecting portion of a first module 40 and a second module 50. The first module 40 may be a tip module, a root module or an intermediate module. The second module 50 may be the module to be connected to the first module, namely a tip module, a root module or an intermediate module. The first module 40 is e.g. a root module, and the second module 50 is a tip module. An end 42 of the first module 40 comprises a female connector 44. An end 52 of the second module 50 comprises a male connector 54. In addition, the cross-sectional shape of a male connector 54 and the female connector 44 are adapted to a shape of the rotor blade shells. The female connector 44 further comprises a sealing flange 46. A similar corresponding sealing flange (not shown) or a bulkhead may be provided at the male connector 54. The sealing flanges 46 and / or the bulkheads are used to seal the cavity between the male connector 54 and the female connector 44 during the vacuum infusion.
    Typical cross-sectional shapes of male or female connector are shown in FIG. 9 to 11. Figure 9 shows a connector with a rectangular cross section. It should be noted that a square cross-section is thus included in the meaning of the term 'rectangular'. According to another embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 10, the connector has an elliptical cross section. It should be noted that a circular cross-section is also included in the meaning of the term 'elliptical'. A still further embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 11. Therein, the cross-sectional shape of the connector is adjusted to the cross-sectional shape of the wind turbine rotor blade 140. The cross-sectional shape is mainly rectangular, but the upper and lower connecting faces are curved to follow the shape of the wing shells. Although FIG. Figures 9 to 11 show the cross-sectional shape of the connector, it is noted that the cross-sectional shapes of the female connector 44 will be selected to correspond to the cross-sectional shape of the male connector 54. Thus, during a vacuum infusion, a uniform distribution of resin between therefore, the connector 54 and the housings 44. A uniform joining line is formed between the connector and the housings by such an infusion process. Thus, a uniform distribution is established within the joint connection between the first and second modules. In such a vacuum infusion process, the seals within the blade will typically be provided prior to assembly of the connectors, while the vacuum seals can be easily accessed from the outside. Thus, the assembly section may be exposed to vacuum with seals located only on the outside.
    In a further embodiment, an automatic site / siting or site / site matching method can be used which selects the maximum rotor (or any other variable-like gearbox exchange) for a wind turbine or single wind turbine in a wind turbine. A typical embodiment of the method is explained in connection with FIG. 12. In a first step 1010, a site restriction is evaluated. This can be the maximum wind speed at the site, the average wind speed, the turbulence, the noise emission or a combination of several constraints. Depending on the result of the assessment, in the second step 1020, a peak module is selected from the modules of the same type, e.g. the tip module type, which ensures the best energy output of the wind turbine within the capacity of the wind turbine (eg maximum wind speed, average wind speed, etc.) and for this site limitation e.g. the maximum wind speed, the average wind speed, the noise emission. Of course, in a further embodiment of the method, a root module may also be selected from modules of a root module type, or at least one intermediate module may be selected from modules of an intermediate module type. In a further embodiment, all the modules can be selected from different modules of the same type. In the last step 1030, the tip module is fixed to the root module. Thus, the complete rotor vane is assembled during the use of the various modules.
    The siting method can be implemented in a computer program that takes into account at least one site constraint and determines an optimal root module based on different modules of a root module type and / or an optimal tip module based on different modules of a tip module type for the site where the wind turbine is installed.
    In this way, a more individually adapted shape of a rotor blade can be provided for a wind turbine, so that medium-sized blades are also available to a customer. In this way, a manufacturer can develop parts that allow the blade length to be adjusted by having wing tips of different length, shape and construction. In a broader approach, other parts of the wind turbine can be modified in the same way: gear exchange (if any), control unit, tower height, foundation size and / or type. Thus, energy production can be increased due to specially adapted rotor blades for the site. In addition, if only the tip module or the root module is selected from a set of modules of the same type, the other module can also be produced in larger quantities and thus more economically. The root modules can e.g. always be the same. Furthermore, transport costs can be significantly reduced due to the smaller size of the wing parts. Thus, the wing modules can be transported on roads, even to remote places, which are difficult to reach. Therefore, according to the utility model, the blade has a modular design, in which each part can be selected from several different parts, to form the optimal rotor for a wind turbine.
    In a typical situation, the manufacturer or operator of a wind farm would have a selection of e.g. five wing tips from which to choose. Depending on the current location and microsite conditions, one of the five wing tips can be selected. This selection may be based on wind definitions such as the average wind speed, turbulence intensity, gust, extreme wind speeds, etc., or loads calculated with the site data (all load components in all nodes in any of the wind turbines, eg in a wind turbine).
    This detailed description uses examples to describe the invention, including the best embodiment and also to enable one skilled in the art to carry out and apply the invention. While the invention has been described from various specific embodiments, those skilled in the art will be able to see that the invention may be embodied modified within the scope of the claims. In particular, mutually non-exclusive features of the embodiments described above can be combined with each other. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and may include other examples encountered by those skilled in the art. Such other examples are intended to be within the scope of the claims or to have structural elements which do not differ from the content of the claims or if they include similar structural elements with insignificant differences from the content of the claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (4)
    [1]
    A set of parts for fitting a wind turbine (100) according to a site-dependent constraint, which set of parts comprises several modules (10, 10a, 10b, 10c, 20, 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, 20e, 20f, 20g, 20h, 30, 40, 50) for assembly of a modular rotor vane (1, 140), wherein the multiple modules (10, 10a, 10b, 10c, 20, 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, 20e, 20f, 20g, 20h , 30, 40, 50) comprise at least two differently shaped, interchangeable, root-type modules (10, 10a, 10b, 10c, 40) and at least two differently-shaped, interchangeable, tip-type modules (20, 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d, 20e, 20f) , 20g, 20h, 50), wherein one end (42, 52) of each module (40, 50) in the set of parts comprises a connector (44, 54) adapted to connect the module to at least one module of another type, wherein the connector is a female connector (44) or a male connector (54).
    [2]
    A set of parts according to claim 2, wherein the female connector (44) and / or the male connector (54) comprises a sealing flange.
    [3]
    A set of parts according to claim 1 or 2, wherein different modules of the same type have a different chord length c, maximum slope (camber) f, position of maximum slope xf, maximum airfoil thickness d, maximum diameter of inscribed circles with center on the mean slope line, thickness-to-chord ratio, position of maximum thickness xd, nose radius rN, or airfoil coordinates of the upper and lower side contours.
    [4]
    A set of parts according to any one of claims 1-3, further comprising an intermediate module type which is adapted to be mounted between the root type and the tip type module.
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    法律状态:
    2018-07-31| UME| Utility model registered|Effective date: 20180731 |
    2019-01-02| UUP| Utility model expired|Expiry date: 20181222 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US11/965,036|US8231351B2|2007-12-27|2007-12-27|Adaptive rotor blade for a wind turbine|
    US11/965036|2007-12-27|
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